Heart Attack	Blocked blood flow in the body.
Stroke	Blocked blood flow in the brain
Atherosclerosis	Hardening of arteries
How to decrease heart disease	Through physical activities and eating well
How to lower risk of heart disease	Eat more fiber: fruits, veggies, fatty fish, whole grains Eat less trans and saturated fats
Hypertension	Silent killer. High blood pressure
How to reduce hypertension	Medications, DASH diet (low sodium, rich in potassium, magnesium, fiber, calcium, and protein), exercise, reduce weight.
Blood pressure	Hypertension: >140/>90 Prehypertension: 120/80- 139/89 Healthy: <120/<80
Cancer	Cells replicate uncontrollably.
Metastasize	When the cancer moves from one area and replicates in another area
Reduce risks of cancer	More fiber, such as fruits and veggies. Control calorie intake. Eat right Exercise
Nutrigenetics	Genes affect nutrient metabolism.
Nutrigenomics	What you eat affects the gene expression
Food poisoning	Keep hot foods hot and cold cold, personal hygiene, cross contamination.
Danger Zones	Microbes grow rapidly between 41-135 145- fish, beef, pork 160-ground meats and egg 165-poultry
Pateurization	Heating milk to kill microbes
Irradiation	Applying ionization radiation. Slows the growing or ripening process
Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP)	Limiting oxygen to prolong the shelf life (vacuum packaging)
Lower pesticide risk	Clean the produce with water or peel them.
Organic	Environmentally processed by strict standards
GMOs	Genetically modified organism. Cross-breeding. Mimics the natural way through selective breeding
Food additives	FDA regulated. Enhance colors, textures, and flavors as well as shelf life
Nutrient needs during pregnancy	Increased iron, folate (they can be born with a hole in their backs), vitamin a.
Pregnancy	If they gain too much weight there's a higher chance of c-section. Too little weight gives a higher chance of malnutrition and lower immunity.
Fetal alcohol syndrome	brain damage, growth restrictions, mental retardation, facial abnormalities. Using alcohol lowers blood flow to the fetus creating the problems above.
Nausea during pregnancy	Get up slowly Eat dry toast or crackers Chew gum or suck hard candies Eat small, frequent meals whenever hunger strikes Avoid offensive odors No citrus juice, water, milk, coffee, or tea
Constipation during pregnancy	High in fiber Exercise daily 8 glasses of liquids a day
Heartburn	Relax and eat slowly Chew food thoroughly Eat small, frequent meals Drink liquids between meals Avoid spicy or greasy foods Sit up while eating
How much milk produced?	Babies demand
What if mom isn't getting enough calories?	The amount will decrease, but the quality stays the same.
What supplement is needed for the infant if only fed breastmilk?	Vitamin D
Infant recommended food	0-4 months -- breast milk or infant formula 4-6 months -- Iron-fortified cereal mixed with breast milk, formula, or water. Pureed meats, legumes, veggies, and fruits 6-8 -- Textured vegetables and fruits, unsweetened fruit juices from cup 8-10 -- breads, cereals, yogurt, soft veggies and fruits, meats fish, cheese, eggs, and legumes 10-12 -- Gradually increase portion sizes and cow's milk
Infant supplements	0-6 months - Vitamin D After 6 months - fluoride and iron
Feeding Parents are responsible for...... Child is responsible for.....	meal times and what they eat. how much they eat.
Food allergies	Tree nuts, nuts, eggs, milks, fish, etc.
What promotes cavaties?	Food high in sugar and sticky
Adolescent Nutrition	Drink high sugar-sweetened beverages, low amounts of milk
Adult Nutrition	Physiological changes: lower appetite, less effective thirst mechanism, lower muscle mass.
DETERMINE assessment	Disease Eating poorly Tooth loss/mouth pain Economic hardship Reduced social contact Multiple medications Involuntary weight loss Needs assistance Elderly person
Family meals benefits	Better nutrient intake, better academic performance, teens eat breakfast, strengthen family relationships
Food security	Have reliable access to food at all times
Food poverty/obesity	Less access to nutritious foods, most affordable is food high in calorie but low in nutrients, less money to pay for nutritious food
Severe acute malnutrition	Lower weight
Chronic malnutrition	Lower weight and height

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