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Promotion
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Communicating information between seller and potential buyer or others in the channel to influence attitudes and behavior.
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Personal selling
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Direct spoken communication between sellers and potential customers, usually in person but sometimes
over the telephone. |
Mass selling
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Communicating with large numbers of potential customers at the same time.
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Advertising
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Any paid form of nonpersonal
presentation of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor. |
Sales promotion
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Those promotion activities—other than advertising, publicity, and
personal selling—that stimulate interest, trial, or purchase by final customers or others in the channel. |
Publicity
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Any unpaid form of nonpersonal presentation of ideas, goods, or
services. |
Sales managers
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Managers concerned with managing personal selling.
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Advertising managers
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Managers of their company's mass selling effort in television, newspapers, magazines, and other media.
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9 Sales promotion managers
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Managers of their company's sales promotion effort.
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10 Public relations
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Communication with noncustomers‑‑including labor, public interest groups, stockholders, and the government.
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Integrated marketing communications.
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The intentional coordination of every
communication from a firm to a target customer to convey a consistent and complete message. |
Communication process
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A source trying to reach a receiver with a message.
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Source
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The sender of a message.
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Receiver
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The target of a message in the communication process, usually a potential customer.
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Basic sales tasks
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Order-getting, order- taking, and supporting.
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Order getters
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Salespeople concerned with establishing relationships with new
customers and developing new business. |
Order-getting
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Seeking possible buyers with a well‑organized sales presentation designed to sell a product, service, or idea.
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Order takers
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Salespeople who sell to regular or established customers, complete
most sales transactions, and maintain relationships with their customers. |
Order-taking
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The routine completion of sales made regularly to target customers.
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Supporting salespeople
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Salespeople who help the order‑oriented salespeople—
but don't try to get orders themselves. |
Missionary salespeople
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Supporting salespeople who work for producers by
calling on their middlemen and their customers. |
Technical specialists
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Supporting salespeople who provide technical assistance
to order‑oriented salespeople. |
Customer service reps
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Work with customers to resolve problems that arise with
a purchase, usually after the purchase has been made. |
Team selling
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Different sales reps working together on a specific account.
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Major accounts sales force
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Salespeople who sell directly to large accounts such
as major retail chain stores. |
Telemarketing
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Using the telephone to call on customers or prospects.
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Inside sales force
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A sales force that meets with customers in a manner that is not
face-to-face. |
Sales territory
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A geographic area that is the responsibility of one salesperson or
several working together. |
Job description
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A written statement of what a salesperson is expected to do.
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Sales quota
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The specific sales or profit objective a salesperson is expected to
achieve. |
Advertising agencies
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Specialists in planning and handling mass-selling details for
advertisers. |
Advertising allowances
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Price reductions to firms in the channel to encourage
them to advertise or otherwise promote the firm's products locally. |
Cooperative advertising
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Producers sharing in the cost of ads with wholesalers
and retailers. |
Product advertising
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Advertising that tries to sell a specific product.
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Institutional advertising
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Advertising that tries to promote an organization's
image, reputation, or ideas--rather than a specific product. |
Pioneering advertising
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Advertising that tries to develop primary demand for a
product category rather than demand for a specific brand. |
Competitive advertising
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Advertising that tries to develop selective demand for a
specific brand rather than a product category. |
Direct competitive advertising
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Competitive advertising that aims for immediate
buying action. |
Indirect competitive advertising
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Competitive advertising that points out product
advantages—to affect future buying decisions. |
Comparative advertising
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Advertising that makes specific brand comparisons
using actual product names. |
Reminder advertising
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Advertising to keep the product's name before the public.
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Advertising media
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The various means by which a message is communicated to its target market.
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Pay-per-click
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An advertiser pays media costs only when a customer clicks on the ad that leads to the advertiser's website
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Pay-per-click
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An advertiser pays media costs only when a customer clicks on the ad that leads to the advertiser's website
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Retargeting: (or behavioral retargeting)
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Displays ads to a web user based on sites
they have previously visited |
Click-through-rate
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The number of people who click on the ad divided by the number of people the ad is presented to.
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Influencers
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Trusted or well-known figures who can sway attitudes or purchase decisions among a particular target market—to promote a brand.
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Copy thrust
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What the words and illustrations of an ad should communicate.
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Corrective advertising
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Ads to correct deceptive advertising.
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Trade promotion
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Sales promotion aimed at intermediaries.
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Paid media
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Messages generated by a brand (or company or nonprofit organization) and communicated through a message channel the brand pays to
access. |
Owned media
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Promotional messages generated by a brand (or company or nonprofit organization) communicated through a message channel the brand directly
controls. |
Earned media
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Promotional messages not directly generated by the company or brand, but rather by third parties such as journalists or customers.
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User-generated content:
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Any type of communication created by customers for
other customers. User-generated content can take many forms. |
Search engine optimization (SEO)
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The process of designing a website so that it
ranks high in a search engine’s unpaid results. |
Pass-along
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When one customer makes a recommendation for (or against) a specific brand to another customer.
|
Branded services
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Valued services a brand provides that are not directly
connected to a core product offering. |
Case studies
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Success stories about how a company helped another customer.
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Landing page
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A customized web page that logically follows from clicking on an organic search result, online advertisement, or other link
|
Blog
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A regularly updated website, usually managed by one person or a small
group and written in an informal, conversational style. |
Branded apps:
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Sponsored software applications that benefit customers by providing entertainment, solving a problem, and/or saving time.
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Brand community
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A group of customers joined around a particular brand or common set of shared interests.
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Referral program
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Offers a current customer an incentive for recommending a new customer to a business.
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Social media
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Websites or software applications that allow users to create and share ideas, information, photos and videos, and interact in a social network.
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Facebook
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An online social networking website that allows registered users to create profiles, upload photos and video, and send messages to friends, family, and
colleagues |
Twitter
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A social networking microblogging service that allows registered users to
send out short (140 characters or less) messages called “tweets.” |
Instagram
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A free online photo and video sharing service geared to mobile
phones. |
Pinterest
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A website that allows registered users to share ideas and images they
find online with fellow users. |
LinkedIn
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A social networking website for businesspeople who create personal or company profiles.
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Marketing automation software
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Software that tracks individual customer’s behavior and triggers actions in response to specific customer actions.
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