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Cómo estudiar sus tarjetas

Teclas de Derecha/Izquierda: Navegar entre tarjetas.tecla derechatecla izquierda

Teclas Arriba/Abajo: Colvea la carta entre frente y dorso.tecla abajotecla arriba

Tecla H: Muestra pista (3er lado).tecla h

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Aspiration
Voiceless plosive. Initial position of stress syllable followed by a vocalic sound.
NEVER if preceeded by /s/.

[h] small after de plosive.
Voiceless plosives
/p/ /t/ /k/
Labialization
A consonant followed by vowel #9 (u:) - #7 (o:) - diphthong (ue) or semiwovel (w).

[w] small after de labialized segment.
Nasalization
DO NOT AFFECT CONSONANTS.
Vowels or diphthongs followed or preceeded by a nasal.

The little wave above the nasalized sound.
Nasals
/m/ /n/ /long n/
Prefortisclipping
Long vowels or diphthongs followed by a voiceless sound in the same syllable.

The happy mouth above the affected sound.
Nasal release
Plosive followed by a nasal. Also in word boundaries.

A little N after the affected plosive.
Plosives
/p/ /b/
/k/ /g/
/t/ /d/
Lateral release
Plosive followed by a lateral. Also in word boundaries.

A little L after the affected plosive.
Gemination
Two homorganic plosives together. Both plosives are incomplete. The first one loses its last stage, the second one loses its first.

A line joining both sounds from below.
Release masking
Non-homorganic plosives. The release of the first plosive is masked by the onset of the second one. The first one is incomplete.

A kind of > after de first sound.
Omission of the onset
Nasal followed by a homorganic plosive. The onset of the plosive is omited.

A kind of ´ joining the nasal with the plosive from above.
Homorganic nasal and plosives.
/n/ - /d/ /t/
/m/ - /p/ /b/
/long n/ - /k/ /g/
Non audible release.
Plosive in final position o followed by a pause.

Marked with a kind of '
Dentalization
When an alveolar sound is followed by a dental they change their place of articulation to dental.

Marked with the kind of tooth below the alveolar sound.
Dental sounds.
The one in think, and the one in the.
Alveolar
/t/ /d/ /s/ /z/ /n/ /l/
Sillabicity
A consonant takes the nucleus of the syllable when there's no vowel. (For ex. when shwa is ellided).

Its marked with a kind of , after the syllabic consonant.
Simmilitude
When a velar sound is followed by a front vowel the production is a bit advanced (Marked with a + below the velar).
When is followed by a back vowel (Marked with a - below the velar).
Velar sounds
/k/ /g/ /long n/
Dark lateral or velarization
Clear lateral: Before a vowel or a yod.
Dark lateral: In all other positions (Marked with a little wave crossing the lateral)
Devoicing (PLOSIVE - AFFRICATE - FRICATIVE)
When there's a pause, or the following sound is voiceless.

Marked with a little circle below the devoiced sound.
Devoicing (NASALS)
When preceeded by /s/ in the same syllable.
Devoicing (APPROXIMANTS)
Only devoiced when there's aspiration.
Phonemic regressive assimilation of place.
Word final /t,d,n/ assimilate to the place of the following consonant, when followed by /p,b,m,k,g,long n/
/s,z/ are replaced by /sh* voice o less/ when followed by palatals.
Phonemic progressive assimilation of place
/n/ turns to /m/ after /p/ /b/
/n/ turns to /long n/ after /k/ /g/
Regressive phonemic assimilation of voice
/v/ to /f/
and
/z/ to /s/
When the following sound is voiceless
Phonemic progressive assimilation of voice
Voiceless sound + /s/ /t/
Voiced sound + /z/ /d/

In plurals, pasts, present of the third person.
Linking
Gemination and release masking.
Linking r (when appears in spelling)
Affricates
The one in church.
The one in joke.
Fricatives
/f/ /v/
The one in thought - the one in the.
/s/ /z/
/sh*/ voiced /sh*/ voiced
/h/
Approximants
yod
/w/
Palatals
The one in church, the one in joke, both sh*, and the yod.